Mitosis and Meiosis are two kinds of reproduction. Mitosis is an aesexual reproduction. During the Mitosis reproduction process, the chromosomes makes an identical duplicate of itself and this results in two new cells. Meiosis is a sexual reproduction. During the Meiosis reproduction process, two parent cells are needed. The cell makes four new cells that are not identical to the two parent cells (also known as sex cells), but somewhat similar. The cells made during the Meiosis reproduction process are reproductive cells, which are eggs or sperms.

Before the mitosis actually starts, the every chromosome duplicate themselves once. This phase is called the Interphase. There are three sub-phases in the Interphase: G1, S, and G2. During the G1 phase, the cell gets larger. During the S phase, the chromosomes would have a duplicate of itself. The G2 phase is to help the cell prepare for the Mitosis reproduction cycle. The prophase is when the mitosis really starts. During the Prophase, the chromosomes, starting from long strands would shorten and become thicker. During the Metaphase, the nuclear membrane disappears and the chromatid pairs would align at the equator of the cell. Then spindles would be attached to the
chromatids. During the Anaphase, the chromatids disband and heads to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase, which is the last phase of the Mitosis reproduction cycle, is when a nuclear membrane would be created around each group of chromosomes, then, the two new cells that are created would separate.

Meiosis is somewhat similar to mitosis. Before the meiosis reproduction cycle starts, the cells also undergoes Interphase. The chromosomes are duplicated, the nuclear membrane of the cell dissolves and the cell gets a little larger. Every chromosomes all have a duplicate of itself. In Prophase I, the chromosomes pair up with their homologous partners and exchange genes. In Metaphase I, the homologous chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell. The spindle connects to each chromosomes. In Anaphase I, the spindles tug on the chromosomes and pull them to either sides of the cell. In Telophase I, nuclear membranes would be shaped around each groups of chromosomes, creating two new cells as they separate. The cells goes into Prophase II. This is when each chromosome shortens. Like Metaphase I, in Metaphase II, the chromosomes would align at the equator of the cell and the spindles attaches themselves to the chromosomes. In Anaphase II, the chromosomes would be pulled to either sides of the cell. In Telophase II, nuclear membranes then form around each chromosome set of each cell. This step allows four new cells to be created. In each new cell, there are different combinations of cells.

After each reproduction cycle ends, the cell would go into Cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the cytoplasm’s separation of one cell. In other words, two cells would pinch together if both cells don’t have a cell wall, making two daughter cells; if both cells both have a cell wall, a cell plate would be created in between cells. Cell plates include the ingredients for the new cell walls and new cell membranes. Later, when the cell divides into two cells, a cell wall would replace the cell plate.

Here is a diagram of an example of the Mitosis reproduction cycle:

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Here is a diagram of an example of the Meiosis reproduction cycle:

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Citations (Websites)
1) “Cell Cycle.” CELLS alive!, www.cellsalive.com/cell_cycle.htm. Accessed 22 Sept. 2017.
2) “Meiosis.” Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-molecular-biology/meiosis/a/phases-of-meiosis. Accessed 22 Sept. 2017.

Citation (Pictures)
1) “What is mitosis?” What is mitosis?, Yourgenome, www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-mitosis. Accessed 22 Sept. 2017.
2) “What is meiosis?” What is meiosis?, Yourgenome, www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-meiosis. Accessed 22 Sept. 2017.